Burner.



No. 662,943. Patented Dec. 4, |900? w. R. JEAVoNs.

BURNER.

(Appucnziun med nu. 9, 1899.)

' 2 sheets-sheet l.

(up Model.)

W MLU/9M JEnVon/s we Noums Ferias co.. monnm'o msnmmm y n No. 662,943. Patented Dec. 4, |900.

w. n'. JeAvNvs.

. BURNER.

l (Application med sin. 9, 1899.1

(No Model.) y l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

INvENu-m Wim/1M RJEHvoNS TTY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,943, dated December 4, 1 900.

Application filed January 9, 1899. Serial No. 701,551. (No model.)

others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to burners of the class in which combustion occurs in a chamber formed by perforated walls and the oil to support combustion is supplied to an oiland vapor trough situated below said combustion-chamber; and one of the objects of this invention is to provide the burner with a device which in ordinary use will prevent possible overliow of the trough by the inflowing oil and serve to accurately regulate the rate of oil from the reservoir to the trough.

Another object is to provide means for hasteninginitial heating of the burner.

The invention therefore consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts having in viewthe attainment of these and other objects, as herein fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a sectional elevation of the burner and reservoir and intermediate parts in working position. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective, partly in section, of the flexible joint and contracted oil-passage. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the burner-trough and of the lower portion of the perforated tubes and showing the tubes tilted for initial lighting. Fig. 4E is Aa side elevation corresponding in part to Fig. 3, but showing the perforated tubes down to initial heating position, being slightly raised from their seats by Iianges and projections provided specially for this purpose, as hereinafter fully described. Fig. 5 is a plan on line oc Fig. l, showing the arrangement or location of the projections on the outer, perforated tube for raising the tubes, as hereinafter described.

A is an oil and vapor trough having alighting-ring c3, resting loosely therein, and provided with seats a d for the perforated tubesV B and C, ywhich form the combustion-chamber. A circular band or ange E, of drum shape in this instance, is securely fastened to the inner wall of the trough and extends downward therefrom so'me distance,as shown,

thus serving to conduct heat from the trough and to radiate the heat from its own extended area. Preferably the said flange is made of brass or of like metal having free conductivity and is brazed to the trough at several points or fastened in such way as to have close connection, and thereby absorb and take away the heat.

D is an oil-reservoir in which the oil is maintained at a constant level in any wellknown way-after the manner, for example, of the student-lamp. A pipe ol leads from said reservoir to the device F and has a contracted passage d in the upright portion or pipe d2. Y

The device F consists of two disks f, of thin flexible metal, each havinga central opening and securely soldered at their edges to the intermediate band f. Washers f2 f2 are soldered or brazed to the faces of these disks about the said openings, so as to form substantially integral reinforcements to which the pipes d and a2 can be more securely fastened or soldered.

This construction and arrangement of parts makes a flexible section in the oil-supply and permits the outer end of the pipe a2 or the end at the burner-bowl to bemoved up and down or laterally in relation to the pipe d. In this instance the reservoir D and pipe CZ are stationary, and the feed-pipe a2, which is fixed to the trough A and communicates with pipe d through the above-described flexible member F, permits the said pipe a2 and trough A to be moved in relation to the fixed level of oil in the reservoir D-say, as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. l. The auxiliary reservoir F is provided with a vent-opening f5, which permits the oil to rise therein to the level of the oil in the main reservoir D, above which it will not go.

For convenience in moving the trough tod` different elevations a handle-rod G is provided, which passes through openingsin the socalled ange E and is fastened in any suitable manner to the pipe a2. The rod G is held against lateral movement by a keeper g, in which it can be raised and lowered, and is provided with a rest g at its upper portion IOO to receive and hold the rod at its highest position. A screw H is employed to support the rod when it is lowered and provides an adjustable restfor the rod to different heights. In this manner the trough and burner are made movable in relation to the reservoir parts and the maintained oil-level. When tubes arepresent in both instances. Initial lighting as a distinct act is necessarily old and has always been practiced in one form or other in all kinds of hydrocarbon-burn ers. In the variety having perforated tubes various devices have been made and patented from time to time, in some of which the tubes the trough is lowered and the rod Ur down, as shown in full lines, Fig. l, the oil will be on'a'level to about half fill the trough. however, the burner be heated and in operativecondition and the rate of vaporization ofk By adjusting the screw H one way or the` other the trough A will be raised or lowered in relation to the oil-level and will induce a greater or lesser iiow of oil through the contracted portion d. The opening through CZ should have a certain definite oil-passing capacity determined by the needs of the burner. For instance, when the oil-level in the trough is about half-way up its depth the opening d should have such size and capacity as to supply only enoughoil for a full flame. This means that in the operation of the burner the oil is vaporized at such a rate that its level in the trough is lower than the maintained level in the reservoir, and this difference in the levels is the head or pressure which determines the rate of fiow through the contracted portion d. If the bowl be raised Va little, it diminishes the inflow of oil in the same proportion. Thus by changing the level of the trough to the maintained oillevel the How of oil thereto may be arbitrarily regulated.

To extinguish the flame, the trough and parts are raised entirely above the oil-supply level, and the rod Gis engaged in the lateral rest g to support the parts in this raised po,

sition. When first lowering the trough preliminary to initially ,lighting and heating the burner, it is desirable to have the oil run in quickly and in sufficient quantity to thoroughly supply the lighting-ring (t3. The auxiliary reservoir F promotes this end, as when the bottom of the trough is first lowered below the oil-level the oil in the auxiliary reservoir flows freely into the trough and the oil from the main reservoir flows slowly through the contracted passage d to equalize the levels. On the other hand, on raising the trough to put out the fire the oil in the trough and pipe flows quickly back into the auxiliary reservoir.

Now in order" that the invention maybe clearly apprended and its lines of distinction understoodnit will be observed that initial lighting and initial or preliminary heating of the burner are two distinct and different` functions, accomplished by different mechanisms, except so far as the bowl and burnerwere merely tilted, as 1n the presentinstance, so that a light may be applied tothe lightingring, while in others the tubes were raised bodily up all' around. It is immaterial for the'purposes of this invention which method be practiced, as this is not really a part of the present invention; but having lighted or applied a light-say by means of a match or taperto thelighting-ring it is of course necessary to lower the burner tubes at once or an intolerable smudge or smoke will fill the room. Heretofore it has been the universal practice, so far as I am aware, to lower the burner-tubes directly back upon-their seats, where they were to remain during the use of the burner. `Then the fiamewas supplied with air through the perforations in t-he burner-tubes, and it was limited andretarded in proportion to the relatively small and slow supply of air through the lower and only really available perforations. It follows always and inevitably that with as heavy an oil as kerosene the heating of the burnerbowl to a good vaporizingcondition, even with the assistance of a lighting-wick, is confessedly so slow and often annoying,.espe cially as compared with gas and gasolene burners, that this defect alone became a standing drawback to the popularity and sale of the oil or keroseneburner. It is to this defect in particular that a part of the present invention is devoted, and the said invention therefore consists in means whereby with the usual and ordinarily-perforated combustion or burner tubes the initial heating of the burner to good vaporizing condition may be shortened fully two minutes or more and whereby acondition is produced or a relationship of parts established which is preferably temporary, but may be perma nent without serious objection. To these ends I have constructed my burner in such manner as to aord such increase in the airsupply directly to or about the place of initial cornbustion that combustion is stimulated upto its utmost capacity and fullness ofvilame, while at the same time I absolutely avoid all disagreeable effects as the direct consequence of such increased volume of flame. In work-ing out this result I have found that there is a place of exact correspondencebetween stimulated initial heating-flame and complete combustion in the perforated tubes and that I can raise said tubes measurably and safely from theirseats more or less, so as to allow a sufficient inflow of air beneath them and at the very place where it is needed to hasten the heating of the burner-bowl and not have smudge or anything else disagreeable coming from the burner in consequence.

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I have thereforecarried out my invention by forming or placing a raised portion or rib a5 at three several places-in this instance on the outer edge or fiange d4 of the burner-bowl. These portions d5 for convenience have inclined extremities to facilitate the riding up thereon of the lateral corresponding projections a6 on the outer combustion-tube C.

In practice the perforated tubes are tilted or otherwise raised to enable initial lighting to be effected. This done, they are promptly lowered; but instead of going directly to their seats a, as before, they are rotated sufliciently to carry the projections a6 onto the raised portions d5. This leaves a slight but safe and sufficient air-inlet space beneath the perforated tubes and the burner-bowl to promote a hot flame practically in the bowl itself and when the flame is needed to heat the bowl. Then after such heating it is customary to rotate the tubes back and down to their seats; but if they'are allowed to remain up no evil or disagreeable consequences will follow. Of course at best the air-space produced by raising the tubes is comparatively slight; but the effect is out of all proportion to the distance and chiefly because a large volume of air will enter through a relatively small opening, and it is delivered to the place where it is needed.

A handle J on the outer tube serves to tilt the tubes for initial lighting and to rotate them for initial heating.

l. A reservoir, and means to maintain a constant level of oil therein, an oil and vapor trough, a feed-pipe for supplying the oil to the said trough constructed and arranged for limiting the supply of oil to approximately the volume' required by the burner, and an auxiliary reservoir com municating with said supply-pipev and means for moving the bottom of the trough above or below the maintained oillevel and above and below the level of oil in" said auxiliary reservoir, substantially as described.

2. A reservoir, and means to maintain a constant level of oil therein, an oil and vapor trough, an oil-supply pipe from said reservoir communicating with said trough and having its oil-passage contracted at a point intermediate the reservoir and the trough for limittwo thin metallic disks secured at their outer edges, and each having a central opening and the said feed-pipe fastened about the opening of one of said disks and the said oil-delivering pipe fastened about the opening of the other of said disks, thereby forming a eXi-ble coupling for said pipes, and means for changing the relation of the said reservoir and the said trough, substantially as described.

4. In avapor-stove, an oil and vapor trough, an oil receptacle or reservoir havinga fieXible metallic wall, a pipe having one of its ends fixed to said fieXible Wall and its other end communicating with said oil and vapor trough and an oilway through said wall to the bore of the pipe, substantially as described.

5. In a burner, the perforated tubes forming a combustion-chamber, an oil and vapor trough below said combustion-chamber and provided with seats for said tubes, and means for supporting the said tubes slightly above the said seats, whereby a sheet of air of limited volume may pass into the said chamber between the lower edges of said tubes and said seats, substantially as described.

6. In a burner, the perforated tubes forming a combustion-chamber, an oil and vapor trough below said combustion-chamber and provided with seats for said tubes, means for supporting the said tubes in position for leaving a narrow air-passage between their bottom edges and the said seats and` means for raising and lowering the said tubes to and from said supported position, substantially as described. y

7. In a burner, the perforated tubes forming a combustion-chamber, an oil and vapor trough below said combustion-chamber and provided with seats for said tubes, means for supporting the said tubes above said seats and in such relation thereto as will leave a narrow air-passage between the bottom edges of said tubes and said seats, substantially as described.

S. In a burner, an oil and vapor trough provided with seats, perforated tubes forming a combustionchamber normally resting on said seats, supports for temporarily holding the tubes in raised position with their bottom edges slightly above said seats whereby a narrow air-passage or crack is provided between said parts, and means for moving said tubes into raised position, substantially as described.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specication this 30th day of December, 1898.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS.

Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, H. E. MUDRA.

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